Iphone Marketing Strategy Essay Example

Iphone Marketing Strategy Essay As the team of marketing consultants hired by Apple Corporation, we have been asked to review their current target markets and marketing mix’s to come up with possible suggestions for improving the overall effectiveness of the organizations marketing efforts. Our main focus will be specifically to cover the already successful iPhone, and not the other wide range of products and services that Apple has to offer such as: computers, software bundles, iPods, and the iTunes store. The iTunes store in its self provides everything from music, movies, shows and even applications which are all compatible with the iPhone. First we will have to identify the target market and address the 4P’s (place, price, product, and promotion) to find the strengths and possible weaknesses for areas of improvement. We will also be covering market segmentation, showing specifically how they decided to subdivide the market and what Apple is aiming to achieve for each market segment. When the iPhone was first released out in to the public in June of 2007, it was an instant hit, but Apple is always looking to increase its market share in the smart phone industry. The smart phone industry is such a competitive market that innovation and consistent improvement are a must. As the iPhone’s product life cycle continues to move forward, Apple will need to stay on top of their marketing strategies to remain successful, especially as the product reaches maturity. - Target Market Profile We will write a custom essay sample on Iphone Marketing Strategy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Iphone Marketing Strategy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Iphone Marketing Strategy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Apple has a very unique target market consisting of two major targets which include; consumer targets and business targets. With the consumer market category, Apple has two sub targets. Their primary target being middle to upper class income individuals who need to coordinate their busy schedules while still being able to communicate with colleagues, friends and family. While the Secondary consumer target market consists of high school, college and graduate students, who need one portable multifunction device to satisfy their own unique daily needs. Target Segment| Consumer Need| Corresponding Feature/Benefit| Professionals| * Stay in touch while on the go. * Record information while on the go. | * Email, instant messaging, and phone. * Applications from Mac OS X for notes and record keeping. | Students| * Perform many functions without carrying multiple gadgets. * Style and individuality. | * Music, phone, video and TV shows. * Apple branding as fashion statement. | The chart above shows that Apple uses a demographic strategy, psychographic strategy and benefit sought strategy to segment the consumer market into more specific areas. This helps Apple’s marketing team to better define what the customer needs and wants are so that they can focus on meeting the customer values. Demographic segmentation shows that iPhones are marketed to a specific group of individuals based on age, income, and family life cycle. For example, since the iPhone is a premium product, Apple is able to charge more for their phones than their competitors, but by doing this, Apple is forced to target markets that are capable of purchasing their product at such a high cost. However, in the past year the cost of the iPhone has dropped a significant amount, to a more consumer friendly price. Apple also segments the market based on psychographics segmentation, showing personality, motives, and lifestyles; for example, having over 100,000 apps, to give the consumer the power to personalize their phone to their exact needs and wants. Apple’s intention is to simplify making changes to the iPhone and to adapt to changes in customer expectations according to the benefits they seek such as instant messaging, fast internet access and applications. On the other hand, Apples main business target is to partner with all cell phone providers worldwide to expand their market share of the smart phone industry and eventually be the number one option for consumers looking to purchase a Smartphone. Apple’s secondary target market is medium to large corporations who need a simple solution to stay in communication or access vital data on the go for managers and their employees. By segmenting the smart phone industry, Apple was able to see a new opening in the onsumer market and showing regular consumers how a Smartphone can make their lives easier, and not just how they are beneficial to a business user, giving them a competitive advantage over other smart phone companies that were targeting only the business market, which are already developed. However, now that Apple has peaked in the consumer market and made an image for themselves, they are now considering the business market to take full market share of the entire smart phone industry. The chart below shows different business segmentations and how each segmented portion will be able to utilize the iPhone. Target Segment| Consumer Need| Corresponding Feature/Benefit| Corporate Users| * Input and access critical data on the go. | * Applications from Mac OS X for notes and record-keeping. * Compatible with widely available software. | Entrepreneurs| * Organize contracts, access contracts, and schedule details. | * Wireless access to calendar and address book to easily check appointments and contracts. | Medical Users| * Update, access and exchange medical records. | * Wireless access to calendar and address book to reduce paperwork, and increase productivity. | - Marketing Mix - Product A successful marketing mix is an important asset every company needs to effectively sell as much of their product as possible. In the case of Apple, their team of market researchers do an exceptional job of researching both the consumer and business markets in order to find out exactly what people want, and how to get their point across to everyone. The product in this case, the iPhone, is a very complex product to promote due to the huge increase in demand around the world for smart phones in the consumer market. Apple uses many different strategies to reach both consumer and business markets, especially with outlining the key features of the product. Apple, having patented their touch screen technology, dominates the market with unmatched features and touch screen capabilities that no other company can duplicate. Before the iPhone, touch screen phones needed a stylus to operate, with the introduction of the iPhone however; they have revolutionized how handheld touch screen products operate. The whole operating system in the iPhone is based on thumb touch, as opposed to using a separate, awkward stylus. Along with the iPhone’s amazing touch screen features comes its built in accelerometer. When the iPhone is rotated from portrait to landscape, the accelerometer detects the movement and changes the display appropriately. This is a key feature for some of the apps you can download for the iPhone, such as games. Sensors within the iPhone’s display help to maximize battery life by automatically dimming the display when you lift the phone to your ear, or if you are in sunlight as opposed to a dim light. The display also features a multi-touch screen feature, which allows the user to easily zoom in and out, as well as use other capabilities built into several apps. With these features put into the iPhone by Apple, the phone really sells itself solely on its features. - Promotion Due to the ease of use and functionality of the Apple iPhone it is a easy product to sell however, without promoting the product, consumers would have no idea of the benefits the iPhone can provide them. That is where Apples genius promotion strategies come into play. Apple promotes their product literally on every level possible, including television ads, radio, billboards and even at public events. In 2008, Apple released an app that was solely dedicated to The Beatles. This app, in itself made the iPhone a much more sellable product to an older generation of people. This app includes a full discography of The Beatles as well as a full biography, music samples and trivia. Along with an interest in gaining a larger market base, Apple still focuses mainly on the younger generation of people such as young teens all the way up to college students and grads. They effectively reach this target market with advertising in which younger people can easily relate to, such as humor and new and exciting designs. The most recent iPhone ads are incredibly effective due to the fact that they inform you of features such as its touch capabilities, you can watch movies and listen to music on it, you can browse the internet, it knows where you are, and it makes decisions for you all within a comfortable 30 seconds, without rushing it. Along with the advertising aspects of the iPhones promotion, comes all the sales promotions that Apple implements along with its carriers. Now with the introduction of the newest iPhone, the iPhone 3G S, the basic iPhones price has been dropped significantly, which leads into Apples latest marketing approach. With Rogers, you can purchase the 8GB iPhone on a three year contract for just $99. In Apples words, â€Å" At $99, every pocket can have one. † However for only another $100, the iPhone 3G S comes with a price tag of $199 on a three year contract, with the slogan, â€Å"What every pocket wants. † - Price With such a large demand lately in the market for smart phones, the prices of the iPhone have had to drop from when they initially came out in order for Apple to stay on the top of the market. When the iPhone first came out in June 2007, it had a hefty price tag of $599 (US) for the 8GB model and $499 (US) for the 4GB model. In just over 2 years, the price of the iPhone has dropped a whopping 83%, from $599 all the way down to $99. With this huge drop in price, Apple has been able to stay on top of the game and bring their customers top of the line products at competitive prices, all while still making a profit. This is a huge feat for a company because this means that as they grow as a company, their client base will grow with them. With the iPhone currently sitting at $99, this price even competes with some of the regular cell phones on the market that do not have nearly the same amount of features and options that the iPhone has. With this being common knowledge for someone who is in the market looking for a new cell phone, they are much more inclined to look into purchasing an iPhone rather than a basic cell phone due to the fact that they can get much more product for their dollar. This is a very good example of Apple utilizing a value based pricing technique to draw in customers away from the competing cell phone companies. A customer will be able to look at a regular cell phone for $99 and see a list of features that come with that phone; they will then look at an iPhone and see the endless list of features with $99 tagged at the end of it. At this point, anyone in the right mind is going to instantly choose the iPhone over the ordinary cell phone, simply because of what you can do with an iPhone, and what it can do for you, all with an attractive price stamped on it. Place With the Apple iPhone now available through Rogers, Bell, Fido and Telus in Canada alone, the availability of the iPhone has gone through the roof, creating a much higher number in sales over the last few months. Since its release, Apple has sold over 30 million iPhones worldwide; this number will continue to grow as they come out with new models and available features. Apple has released the iPhone worldwide, however sales in Europe didn’t hit as hard as expected, quite possibly due to the very late release date. However, in the UK they have sold well over 1 million iPhones as of today, and are still selling. The convenience of the iPhone makes it so easy to use no matter where you are. If your iPhone needs an update of any kind you do not need to plug it into the computer, you can simply do it right from the palm of your hand. A main selling point of the iPhone is the available apps you can download onto it without plugging it into anything. With in between 60,000 to 80,000 available apps, the iPhone can provide you with pretty much any service imaginable, anywhere on the planet. With Apple marketing the fact that you can literally do anything with this phone, no matter where you are, customers have just been jumping on the band wagon left right and center. A large percentage of the apps you can download are free, however there are also many that cost money. On average an app costs anywhere from $0. 99 anywhere up to $100 and more, a huge benefit is that 30% of all sales from Apps go to Apple even if they had nothing to do with the development of that App as it is a part of the contract with all developers and Apple. Since the iPhones release, Apple has generated over 1 billion dollars in sales just from the apps alone, showing the power they have in the market when it comes to making their product available, no matter where in the world you are. With the iPhone currently available through over 120 carriers world-wide and in 89 countries, it can only grow from here. Apple has come this far with the iPhone and if they keep up the way they have been effectively marketing it around the world, marketshare should hit 30% by the end of 2010. Recommendations for Improvement The iPhones marketing team has done a phenomenal job in marketing the Apple iPhone, as well as advertising it to their select target markets. However, on a global scale, Apple did not release the iPhone quite early enough in Europe, possibly deterring potential buyers from the phone (due to the wait). In the U. S. the iPhone was released in June 2007, in Nov of 2007 it was released in the UK, Germany and France. However, not until June of 2008 was the iPhone released to the rest of the European market, a whole year after the original release date. Simply by releasing the phone worldwide all in one big shot could have made much more of a splash in the smart phone market all around the world, this resulting in possibly hundreds of thousands of extra sales. You could however argue that by delaying the release date in Europe, Apple had created a whole lot of hype around the product, leaving some customers just waiting until the day they could get their hands on their very own iPhone. Still, this issue left a sour taste in the mouths of many anticipated fans across the sea. A huge portion of the smart phone market is reliant on businesses. Apple has quite flawlessly mastered their promotions and marketing mix’s directed towards a consumer market. However, they have not yet been able to grasp as much of the business industry as they wish. Blackberrys have taken the business market by storm with their Blackberry Messaging service, allowing any Blackberry user to instantly converse with another or a group of others, with no extra fees tacked on. Another issue being is a Blackberry is still the email king with your e-mails being â€Å"pushed† to your phone while with an iPhone they are â€Å"pulled† causing up to a 15 minute delay for e-mails to come in, for a regular consumer that’s not a big deal but for the business man who is dealing with clients all over the world involving millions of dollars 15 minutes could be the difference between closing or breaking the deal. When you consider those two advantages the Blackberry has in the business world ou have to consider if Apple could come up with a way to deal with those advantages it could persuade companies to switch over to the iPhone platform. Another thing that Apple needs to consider regarding their iPhone on the business side of the market is the camera, it is a huge deal for some companies developing new products that all phones in the offices must not have cameras on them, RIM offers this option for its business consumers simple fact is Apple need s to as well. Once these issues are dealt with and the iPhone then feature wise seems more appealing to businesses putting proper marketing out there saying â€Å"Hey I’m a business user and I have an iPhone† will be key to build the same type of hype on the business level as they have already created on the consumer level. Finally the providers come in to play, a $99 iPhone without a contract actually costs $599. 99 to buy outright so a carrier such as Rogers has to eat $500 of subsidized costs to initially get the customer to purchase the phone and then must hope that they make all that money back with service costs they will charge that customer. In Rogers’ case that doesn’t seem to be a big issue but with many companies in Europe it is because many cellphone providers are reporting that the iPhone has been a money hole for them now and they don’t see that changing. With Apple’s strict pricing rules and absolutely no discount policy if the iPhone doesn’t prove to carriers that it is a revenue generator they may eventually choose to drop the iPhone completely from their lineup of smartphones. Thus causing less market availability resulting in lost sales Apple needs to work with their carriers in a more two-way manner as right now they know the iPhone is in huge demand and carriers can’t afford to not be able to offer it so they accept â€Å"Apple’s way or no way policy† but if demand slows down then Apple will obviously have to then adjust their approach. With the structure Apple currently has on the consumer side of the market, it is hard to knock them for anything, the iPhone being no exception. They have done a remarkable job promoting their product and will continue to grow as a company as their technology does, competing in the smart phone market as one of the top leaders of innovation and available services. On the business side though they obviously have a lot of room for improvement and with what has been discussed, a few extra features, a few adjustments and a great marketing campaign and Apple should see a huge increase in sales for their business consumers.

Commentary on an extract from the Idea of Perfection Essays

Commentary on an extract from the Idea of Perfection Essays Commentary on an extract from the Idea of Perfection Paper Commentary on an extract from the Idea of Perfection Paper This extract from The Idea of Perfection by Kate Grenville represents Kates simple idea of perfection, which is that things dont have to be perfect as in flawless, and everything has it bad side. However, perfect in giving a satisfying feeling, also pureness and originality with the flaws. Thus the writer uses the bridge as a symbol to present her idea. This idea is portrayed through contrast, the presentation of the character and the setting, diction and imagery. The feelings of satisfaction and complete acceptance are the main feeling that readers can sense from the extract. These feelings are greatly recognized through the use of diction and imagery used in presenting the character and the setting. The description dictions such as humble, apologetic look, clumsy thing, and simple joints, helps to send the readers a modest and humble image of the setting, not a flawless image. Making the readers imagine the setting as pure and natural. Also the character is presented as a natural person, unsure of her self, not a perfect person; just by making the character realize how ridiculous she is, helps the readers to relate to the characters situation of looking back and judging ones self. Also the situation where the character draw the bridge more than once, gives a feeling that the character is not perfect and cant draw everything perfectly as they look. The purpose of making everything from the character to the setting not perfect, yet in a satisfying way, aids the writer to build her main idea of perfection. The major factor in building the writers idea is also the contrast used through the extract. The contrast of dark and light, shadow and light, are intended to represent bad and good, meaning that there is no such thing as perfect, because then we have to disregard the shadow. Also the use of contrast and opposing ideas shows that there is always wrong and right. Thus the whole idea of using contrast was intended by the writer to show that there is always another side to everything. The writer focuses on the bridge to also attempt to portray her idea through it. As the first look and description of the bridge contradicts the examining look later, the writer uses this contradiction to express her feeling of satisfaction and comfort in this simple, yet complicated structure, color and texture of the bridge. Thus detailing her description of the little minor things that make this complicated bridge, expressing her fascination towards these satisfying interplays of the bridge. Such dictions that support this fact are fitted together in a satisfying way, that drew the eye. Also the imagery that accompanied the bridge and it descriptions, like color imagery and simile helped in revealing how intrigued the writer was towards the bridge, especially in lines (32-40). The writers fascination towards the bridge is used as a mean to make the readers relate to a moment of realization where even though things are flawed, they can still generate a simple feeling of satisfaction and acceptance. The extract is purely just an idea of the writers, that introduces a new look at perfection, flawed perfection. Flawed perfection is what humans are all about; we are perfectly humans with our flaws; and this flawed perfection gives us acceptance to who we are, makes us natural and human. The writer could just simply relate this idea to everyday life things; however, it cant be detached from the idea that flawed perfection is what keeps us intrigued, interesting and natural. Thus the writer uses the fact that flawed perfection in intriguing, yet natural, in other words complicated, yet simple; to build her novel.

Englosh Literature lesson 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Englosh Literature lesson 3 - Essay Example he disorder of anorexia, which contributes to the overall theme of disease and shows the tangible manifestation of this invasion into the serene culture of the sisters and their people. While the opening pages set the tone and movement of the story, we find after reading the book that much more is involved. Dangarembga’s description of the ills present in her home country are striking, even enraging; but she always brings us back to the beauty inherent in the culture and the underlying strength of the women in her story. Thus the reader is provided with a keen sense of the inner struggle of all the characters, torn between two countries and two cultures, forced to reconcile the invading influence of outsiders with the terms of their own identity as beautiful and strong African women. In the opening paragraph of Nervous Conditions, Tambu tells us that she is preparing to tell the story of the people she knows â€Å"my own story, the story of four women I loved, and our men† (Dangaremgba 1989). She introduces the book as a tale she seeks to weave about herself and the women and men in her life. She also talks about how she doesn’t like her brother and that when he dies it offers her a new opportunity. In addition, she mentions that something strange or difficult will happen to the main character. Her intention is obvious here—she wishes to extend to us the story of her upbringing, the experiences she and her sister witnessed, and how she reached what she sought. In the way a child or young girl might, she wants to entice the reader with a sense of drama, but we can tell that despite her young wisdom, her story is much more than even she can comprehend. Despite her intention, the book takes its readers far beyond just the limited scope of herself and her loved ones, but about the travesty of one culture being invaded and colonized by the other and, specifically, the effect this culture clash has on the women who must fight or succumb to

Critical Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Critical Analysis Paper - Essay Example Moreover, Chaffee’s The Philosopher’s Way discusses the various philosophers’ view of the world, the nature of reality, and the truth (2012, 51). By using Kants Categorical Imperative and utilitarian views, morality is relative to humans’ rationale of right and wrong. Immanuel Kant’s Categorical Imperative Kant is the main proponent of a critical type of philosophy known as the categorical imperative. Human beings have the tendency to evaluate their actions based on their emotions towards the acts they committed. This means that it is hard to assess the goodness or badness and rightfulness and wrongness of an action because of the difficulty to find a basis for logically and objectively judging this particular action. Kant helped us in understanding and explaining our actions and decisions based on a given principle known as a priori judgment, in which all knowledge presupposes an experience. It is in this line of thought that Kant differentiated mo ral judgments from empirical ones. Empirical judgments refer to judging facts of which experience teaches us, while moral judgment tells us what we ought and not ought to do. Empirical judgment does not relate to the understanding of moral action. What Kant meant by a priori judgment also entails a judgment of necessity which judges an act based on universal standards of right and wrong, such as stealing is wrong in any circumstances. Categorical Imperative is considered by Kant as the universal principle of justice that right is superior to good applicable to the whole universe. He postulates that humans must act based on universally accepted maxims which also apply as laws for all of the humanity. Kant believes that moral rules are universal. Therefore, what is allowed for a single person is also allowed for everybody, and what is prohibited for one is also prohibited for the rest. Moreover, what is obligatory for one is also obligatory for the rest. He also acknowledges freedom o r autonomy along all individuals, but this autonomy must rest on positive values and will serve as a guiding law for all our actions. The word imperative in his philosophy provides us with some sort of restriction which limits our actions that are grounded on personal interests and selfishness which moral rules considered universally wrong. Simply saying, actions that are morally wrong universally regardless of the means or ends are considered to be morally wrong and nothing else, while morally right actions that are universally accepted are also morally right. In other words, Kant suggests that life is composed only of two colors, black and white, and that there is no extent to which an action can be considered better or worse because it only falls into two categories. White lies are wrong under any circumstances because they are still considered as lies, and lying is universally wrong in any event. Principle of Utilitarianism Jeremy Bentham, in his Principles of Morals and Legisla tion, conveys rationality in his analysis of ‘the greatest happiness system’ or the so-called ‘means-end’. Other philosophers describe happiness as a goal, a result while Bentham describes happiness as simply a pleasure without the pain. In other words, people can quantify the value of pleasure or pain depending on the magnitude and for how long. According to Bentham, the overall good of the society is dependent

Management of Organisation Essay Example for Free

Management of Organisation Essay Change management may be defined as the planning, initiation, realization, control and the stabilization of change processes both at the corporate and personal level. Change usually may occur at the strategic level of the organization or involve the personal development of the personnel. Change is a powerful force which is often resisted by most individuals whether it occurs at the corporate or personal level. Despite the resistance, change is a good thing. In fact it is a . livelihood of business in any organization. This is so because any possible failure to see and adjust to change may lead to a spiral downward fall that may lead to reduced efficiency, productivity, band productivity. Therefore the effects of change on personalities need to be resolved effectively but the change process must go on. At no point should the change process should be stopped because of its effects on the human component of the organization (Burke, 2002: pp. 55-7). Change may be described by a number of adjectives such as confusing, fulfilling, challenging, liberating, disorienting, empowering frustrating etc depending on the magnitude of the impact it has on an individual. Employees will always view change negatively. They have a negative perception and attitude towards change. The negative attitude of employees toward change is as a result of their fear of losing their jobs, positions, statuses social security and fear of the resulting higher workload. The employees may or may not be justified to view change that way but generally, the effects of change on employees are negative but the interests of the organization should always remain higher than those of personalities. Even those who survive retrenchment that comes with change will still view change negatively because of two reasons. First, they feel guilty because retaining their jobs makes others jobless and second, the high workload that is likely to come with the change. The remnants can only be willing to the resulting workload if they are given a pay rise. These emotions that result from change may put considerable stress on the changing organization. The stress though is short-lived and after some time the employees tend to forget and move on (Kaufman,1995: p. 12). Based on the employees general view of change, implementation of change in an organization, division, department, project etc may not be easy but the management need to be strong to see the organization through the change process. There will always be casualties of change. Change should start with the managers. It is often said that leadership is a message. Whatever the manager says or doesn’t say is a message. Therefore the message needs to be clear, consistent and repetitive. This is so because it takes time for people to hear, understand and believe the change carrying message especially if they don’t like what they hear. It is human nature to resist change and this is precisely the reason why they should be prepared beforehand. Prior communication may make the transition exciting or at least satisfactory. Change implementation is a foursome affair. First, there is need for the establishment and maintenance of the organization’s vision. When you know where you are going it is rare that you can get lost. Second, there is need to establish and maintain a realistic business plan which ought to be in sync with the vision. Third, communication needs to come in time to pass the synchronized organizational vision and business plan to the organization’s personnel. Finally, there is need for action so as to put into practice what has been communicated in the bid to exercise what is in the business plan which is in sync with the organization’s ultimate vision. Successful implementation of change can thus be seen to be represented by the following equation: Leadership + Vision + Communication + Action = Successful Change. The actions need to be measured and evaluated with the results being compared and deliberated upon. It is common knowledge that what gets measured gets done and anything rewarded gets repeated over and over again (Spector etal, 2007: pp. 156-8). Change can be discerned through finding out what people out there say about the organization. What is the organizational ranking out there? Does the organization need to do something to gain a competitive edge in the market? All these questions test the inevitability of change. Another way involves the challenging of all the organization’s products, services and policies in a bid to question their relevance to the present corporate, personal and market context. It is through questioning that you get to understand when change is necessary, how it can be communicated and implemented and how can the favourable results of the change on the organization’s performance measured. Change is often expensive especially when it involves technology. Technology changes fast and thus if any organization that needs to adapt needs to learn rapidly so as to keep up with the pace. Change is often triggered fro without the organization. Linkspan for instance needs to improve technology to keep up with the changing technology. The effect of technology in market enhancement can no longer be ignored. Further, most people have become technology oriented and are likely to choose a service provider who is technologically compliant that the one who is still struggling with indecision whether to embrace technology or not (Martel,1986: pp 45-54). As stated earlier, the first step in the implementation of change is the detailed review of the organization’s vision. Linkspan management needs to question the direction they are taking whether they are in line with the company’s vision. I believe that any company will have its vision focussing somewhere close to having an advantageous edge in the market. No organization sets a vision to make losses. The target is always making huge profits that will lead to the expansion of the organization. Once the vision has been internalized, the management needs to ask itself one very important question; is the intended change necessary? If so, how is the change likely to supplement the organization’s efficiency and performance? Is the change in sync with Linkspan’s ultimate vision, objectives and goals? Once all these issues are established, then it should be officially declared that the change is inevitable and the reasons warranting the change. These reasons and the inevitability of the change need to be recorded. The next step will be an in-depth study on how the change is likely to affect both the strategic corporate and personal components of Linkspan. Study how the change is going to affect the market, the employees, the organization’s expenditure and income, the shareholders, the customers etc. In short measure and evaluate the effects of the change on every party. Once the measurement and evaluation of the effects of the change has been made, it is necessary to carry out the speculation of the cost of the change. The speculation must factor the costs of employee layoffs, the cost of pay increments for those that remain based on the skills that they will be trained on and the market rates, the cost of training and professional development processes, the cost of the technological component of the change such as the new cranes, integrated bridge systems, autopilot, refurbishments, the cost of other loading and unloading equipment updates etc. In general, the full cost of the change process need to be speculated and this needs the involvement of professionals to carry out the speculations in each sector of the change. These professional speculators need time to carry out a detailed research. Once they have all submitted there reports i. e. he personnel pay rise and lay off speculation report ( featuring effects of the change on each class of employees rating them from the most affected to the least affected by the change, the number of personnel to be laid off, and those to be retained, lay off packages based on positions of employees, pay rise for the remaining staff based on additional training and responsibilities, criteria for the layoff and retention process and its legality and the time frame for the layoffs) , the technological investment plan report (featuring the cost of the new technology equipment and the labour for the installation of new and overhaul of the old technology, refurbishments etc, the best service provider and their charges and the time the process is likely to take), projection report on how the change is likely to add the company’s profitability and efficiency and how it is likely to enhance the company’s market position. This should feature a comparative approach where the major competitors are studied and analyzed to determine the market advantage the change is likely to offer the organization (Drucker,1995: pp. 96-103). Once all the reports have been submitted, the management of Linkspan need to take time, study them and the recommendations and thus determine the total cost, legality and time span of the change process. The company’s capability of funding and sustaining the change process shall also need to be evaluated to establish a conclusive decision of whether to carry out the change or not. If the decision is yes then the management needs to go ahead and start communicating the lurking change to all the stakeholders. As stated earlier, the communication needs to be repetitive consistent and above all very clear. After a blanket communication, the specific phase of communication phase follows. This phase involves communication of the change effects to specific groups of personnel. Start with the most hit and tell them the possible effects the change is likely to have on them. The company’s plan to compensate them, train them, motivate them e. g. through pay rise etc. Give each group time to respond and let the emotions run. Change is emotional. The management needs to be keen to give convincing reasons for the inevitability of the change. State that the company’s interests are higher than any personality. State examples of other companies that have done so and the legality of the process based on the reports. Note the acceptance or denial of the layoff or pay rise packages and consider the victims proposals offered immediately or later. They might not offer the proposals immediately because the message may still be devastating especially for those to be laid off. There is need for professional counselling to enhance speed acceptance of the change process. Remember to communicate to these employees the time span of the change process to enable them feature this into their personal financial, social or even psychological schedules (Sanderson, 1995: pp. 178-190). The end of communication to all stake holders marks another session of review of all the recommendations with a committee whose members are drawn from each division of the organization harmonizing the paperwork of the change process and briefing all the stake holders of the status of the change process. The committee has the mandate of identifying the changes noted between the reports recommendations and the actual status. Harmony is then established through deliberative meetings between the management and the affected parties. The committee has to be time conscious because agreements may take time to be reached and in case agreements are not forthcoming, the management should exercise its discretionary powers (Beitler, 2006: pp. 156-9). The review ushers in the actual implementations at the expiry of the notice offered. Actions should be carried out in such a way that the organizations activities don’t grind into a halt. For example, the layoff needs strategy. Do not yet layoff personnel required before the change process is over. Start with those that are not needed immediately the change implementations start. The refurbishments and fitting of the technological equipment should start with tendering process considering the service providers recommended in the report. Consider their quotations and compare with those quoted in the reports. Consider the quality even though it is still important for the process to be cost effective quality inclusive. The tender winner needs to start working immediately. The winner needs to understand that link span need not stop operations and thus should work within the schedule given by Linkspan. The carriers need to be refurbished and fitted with the technological equipments in shifts say maybe four at a time (Spruyt, 1990: pp 200-7). Those employees belonging to the first batch of the carriers that need to be laid off, trained etc need to be subjected to the appropriate exercise as their carriers get to be worked on. After all the batches have been worked on, then Linkspan needs to communicate to the customers for the second time the completion of the upgrading process. For the second time because it is necessary that they are alerted first before the upgrading of the carriers (through a press release) about the limited services to be rendered due to the lurking upgrading. Launch the new fleet and newly trained and new packages together with a farewell party for those laid off. It is important to consider a possible increment of prices of the new services to be offered and if tenable, then communicate them at the launching party and later through a press release The workability of the change needs to be reviewed from time to time say annually. This is specifically important as a way of noting the parts of the process that are not working and the possible remedial measures to be taken. Remember that, always, the most successful companies thrive on change and Linkspan need not be an exception.

Future of Policing Essay -- Police Crime Criminal Essays

Future of Policing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The future of policing is fairly clear in what direction it is heading. It has been slowly reforming to meet the needs of the people, reduce crime, and make policing more efficient. Some of the reforms that will probably take place in the future include, better educated police officers and police managers, consolidation of police departments to save on money and resources, upgraded technology, race and gender equality, better testing techniques to recruit and promote within the department, and improved proactive planning techniques. One of these proactive tools that will surely become more widely used and implemented better is community policing. It has been evolving since its first introduction into the police world and will see more reforms in the future. Compstat should also become more widely used by almost all police departments to make those in charge more accountable and for improved crime mapping.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Current economic and political trends will affect how, and if, certain reforms take place. Some trends like the increased costs for medical services will affect officer’s salaries and benefits, while the growth of inexpensive technology with instant communication through cell phones and personal computers will improve response time and distribution of information quickly and effectively. Changes population demographics, with the increase in the cultural and ethic diversity of the population will create more of need for career equality. This will also be pushed forward by the immigration of more highly educated professionals from third world countries. Increased multinational organized crime activity will create a bigger need for better communication between countries and joint efforts to stop it. Increased concerns with crimes committed by violent juveniles and individuals with modern weapons, terrorism and threats against our infrastructure will also shape the way policing reforms to solve these increased threats. Because of greater concern with terrorism, more resources will be allocated to homeland security. These are resources that could have helped domestic crimes and police management and will have to compensate for. Even smart credit cards, DNA identification and global positioning systems will all help shape the new policing model.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the main problems facing most police departments is using cost-eff... ...epend on them to find the individual or to crack down on the group. A great example of this is in Israel, with fighting militant groups like Hamas. Groups like this receive funds from other countries all around the world that support terrorism. An international police force could more easily gather information on the group and also serve as a barrier between the Israelis and Palestinians. This organization would be much like the United Nations, but instead of politics and an army it would be a world police force that could actually go in and arrest individuals and put them on trial in front of the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Finally, the future of policing seems to already be headed in a good direction, focusing on improved communication between departments and with the public. The strong emphasis on community policing will help people feel more comfortable with the police and not as their own society. Some reforms need to be more focused on though, like the international police force, because of recent events like September 11th. Overall policing will seem to remain the same because the transition will be slow and gradually take effect, but it will always be improving in any way that it can.

Medical Program Application Essay

As the end of my high school education draws near, I contemplate what I will do with my future. I have always been told to do what you enjoy and make a living out of it. Four years ago, I set out with this bit of advice, trying to find out what it is I like to do. After participating in clinical education in different health care settings, I realized that my interests lay in nursing. My short-term career goals consist of successfully passing the certified nurse assistant state exam this May, and through online training, becoming a patient care technician. Next, I will get a part-time position as a patient care technician in one of Texas Health Resources’ competitive hospitals while gaining an associate’s degree in nursing at a local and affordable college, such as Tarrant County College. While obtaining a bachelor’s degree in nursing, I will continue to work as a nurse in the surgical intensive care unit to develop my skills necessary to achieve my long-term goals. I will develop my understanding of how to apply technical, theoretical, and academic knowledge to practical problems. I will also hope to build a networking relationship across Texas Health Resources’ organization of health care professionals. Because I am paying for my college education on my own, getting my nursing degree at a community college is my only option, though my long-term goals are not restrained by this circumstance. My ultimate goal is to become a certified registered nurse anesthetist and continue to be employed in one of Texas Health Resources’ innovative hospitals. To achieve this goal I will gain experience by working as a nurse and I hope to further my education at one of Texas’ top accredited nurse anesthesia programs such as the ones at Texas Christian University, Baylor University, or University of Texas at Houston Health Science Center. With this master’s degree under my belt, I will pass the required state exams, and obtain my goal as a certified registered nurse anesthetist. I will be able to mentor and develop fellow coworkers and acquire marketable, managerial and technical skills necessary to thrive in tomorrow’s health care industry. Joining my school’s HOSA club early in high school sparked this aspiration to be a nurse. This club educates adolescents about the different positions in the health care field, including nursing. I am interested in a nursing career because nursing is a profession of integrity and compassion that affects and touches other people’s lives. It is a privilege that measures out my values as a human being. I feel that I am the right person for the Youth Prodigy Program because of my past experiences, my personality, and my work ethic. The nursing assistant class I am enrolled in is teaching me health care standards and expectations so I will have an education that exceeds the expectations of this program. I am dependable, a hard worker, a team player, and a fast learner. By giving me the privilege to succeed in the Youth Prodigy Program, you will be gaining an employee that will improve and elevate the Texas Health Resources hospital system.